Pulsed field gradient ( PFG ) techniques are key to magnetic resonance imaging, spatially selective spectroscopy and studies of diffusion via diffusion ordered nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( DOSY ).
32.
In many cases coronas can be suppressed by corona rings, toroidal devices that serve to spread the electric field over larger area and decrease the field gradient below the corona threshold.
33.
By sensing electric field gradients at a distance, they can detect energized objects without making direct contact, making these instruments useful for scanning or screening large areas for potential electrical hazards.
34.
:: : 2 ) The E field gradient inside a simple resistor is linear so the drift velocity of electrons in the direction of the field is constant throughout the resistor material.
35.
In MRI, the static magnetic field is caused to vary across the body ( by using a field gradient ), so that different spatial locations become associated with different precession frequencies.
36.
The pole pieces of the magnet are so shaped that there is a region in which the product of the field strength and field gradient in the " z " direction is constant.
37.
Magnetic separations of arsenic at very low magnetic field gradients with high-surface-area and monodisperse magnetite ( Fe 3 O 4 ) nanocrystals have been demonstrated in point-of-use water purification.
38.
Schwarzschild did mention the 1952 use of field gradients to correlate nuclear signals to spatial location and thus enable the measurements of both diffusion and flow, but the 1952 MRI measurement of structure was not mentioned.
39.
The effects are important at very high electrical field gradients ( 10 8 10 9 V / m ), like those observed in electrical double layers at interfaces or at the surfaces of electrodes in electrochemistry.
40.
This corrugation gives rise to strong electric field gradients in the near-tip zone ( on the order of an atomic radii or less from the tip ), which during ionisation deflects ions away from the electric field normal.
