The 2 . 2-litre, 4-cylinder engine features a pent-roof combustion chamber configuration and reduced friction loss from moving parts, which results in excellent combustion efficiency and low fuel consumption.
32.
The efficiency of converting a unit of fuel to rotation of the driving wheels includes many points of friction loss and heat loss through the exhaust or cooling system.
33.
Three-cylinder engines have proved to be on par with Subaru's four-cylinder designs; while not as smooth running they tend to be lighter and more economical due to lower friction losses.
34.
Standpipes go in a direct up and down direction rather than looping around the stairwell, greatly reducing the length and thus the loss of water pressure due to friction loss.
35.
Electric motors were several times more efficient than small steam engines because central station generation was more efficient than small steam engines and because line shafts and belts had high friction losses.
36.
The hydraulic friction losses can be described in analogy to " Joule's law " in electricity ( see permeability of the soil for water ), which is inversely proportional to the hydraulic resistance.
37.
Also how is the efficicency curve of the fan derived ( if it can be derived-Im not talking about the friction loss in bearings etc but the hydraulic losses which depend on geometry )?
38.
In laminar flow, friction loss arises from the transfer of momentum from the fluid in the center of the flow to the pipe wall via the viscosity of the fluid; no vortices are present in the flow.
39.
This technique was common in the US but rare in Britain until this time : the advantages included less noise and less wasted energy in the friction losses inherent in the previously common drive shafts and their associated gearing.
40.
The efficiency is a function of the total losses in the fan system, including aerodynamic losses in the fan, friction losses in the drive ( e . g . belt ), losses in the electric motor, and variable speed drive power electronics.
