:As a follow-up, the reason that you're asking " how big " is that ( relative to the other fundamental interactions ), gravity is " weak ".
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The ultimate goal of the approach is to develop scientific models that unify quantum mechanics ( describing three of the four known fundamental interactions ) with gravity.
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Perhaps you should read about fundamental interactions : when we come down to the real core physics, every " interaction " is one of those four types.
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Smolin also focuses on the difficulties faced by research in quantum gravity, and by current efforts to come up with a theory explaining all four fundamental interactions.
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It is, however a fictitious force, as it arises not from fundamental interactions " per se ", but due to a particular way of looking at the system.
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In the years following the creation of the general theory, a large number of physicists and mathematicians enthusiastically participated in the attempt to unify the then-known fundamental interactions.
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Antony Garrett Lisi's incomplete " An Exceptionally Simple Theory of Everything " attempts to describe all known fundamental interactions in physics as part of the E 8 Lie algebra.
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:Let's be clear : the idea that there are " four fundamental interactions " is " one effort " to explain the universe in the most simplified terms possible.
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The former describes three of the four fundamental interactions observed in nature ( electromagnetism, strong and weak nuclear forces ) while the former describes the fourth ( gravitation ).
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Some theories, notably string theory, seek both QG and GUT within one framework, unifying all four fundamental interactions along with mass generation within a theory of everything ( ToE ).