The rest of the energy, i . e ., the almost 95 % from fission fragments is an unwanted energy and must be continuously evacuated by a heat removal auxiliary system using a suitable coolant,.
32.
The most common definition of that unit is : 1 ton of refrigeration is the rate of heat removal required to freeze a short ton ( i . e .,, ) of water at ( ) in.
33.
In an identical fashion to the EBR-II that it is based on, the reactor would transition to a much lower power level whenever temperatures rise significantly, moreover the reactor vessel modules are heat removal are available.
34.
Another example was the Isolation Condenser system, which relied on the principle of hot water / steam rising to bring hot coolant into large heat exchangers located above the reactor in very deep tanks of water, thus accomplishing residual heat removal.
35.
Some extreme density supercomputers such as the Cray-2 ( released in 1985 ) and Cray T90 ( released in 1995 ) used large liquid-to-chilled liquid heat exchangers and single or two-phase immersion cooling oils for heat removal
36.
The loss of heat removal from the primary loop and the failure of the auxiliary system to activate caused the primary loop pressure to increase, triggering the pilot-operated relief valve at the top of the pressurizera pressure active-regulator tankto open automatically.
37.
While the containment plays a critical role in the most severe nuclear reactor accidents, it is only designed to contain or condense steam in the short term ( for large break accidents ) and long term heat removal still must be provided by other systems.
38.
It was observed that about 6 10 % of the calculated 54 Ci / day ( 2.0 TBq ) production diffused out of the fuel system into the containment cell atmosphere and another 6 10 % reached the air through the heat removal system.
39.
The dependence of net thermal efficiency on the electricity infrastructure tends to be an unnecessary complication for consumers and is not applicable to hydroelectric power, so performance of heat pumps is usually expressed as the ratio of heating output or heat removal to electricity input.
40.
The 4000 m 3 big torus is filled with 2000 m 3 water and is in turn cooled by a redundant torus cooling system and a redundant " shutdown and torus cooling system " with a total of 4?00 % residual heat removal capacity.
