While traditionally taught and practiced in monasteries, " hesychasm " teachings have spread over the years to include laymen.
32.
Hesychasm established itself as the dominant ideology of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church with the work of the disciple of Gregory of Sinai.
33.
The dispute over Hesychasm came before a synod held at Constantinople in May 1341 and presided over by the emperor Bishop ofGerace.
34.
Early 20th-century Roman Catholic theologian Adrian Fortescue said that Hesychasm went against the Aristotelean metaphysics then predominant in the West.
35.
Trained in Western scholastic theology, Barlaam was scandalised by Hesychasm and began to combat it both orally and in his writings.
36.
St Gregory was well-educated in Greek philosophy ( dialectical method ) and thus able to defend Hesychasm using Western precepts.
37.
The practice of ascetic prayer called hesychasm in the Eastern Orthodox Church is centered on the enlightenment or deification, theosis of man.
38.
This identification may have been motivated in part by the fact that " quietism " is the literal translation of " hesychasm ".
39.
Fasting, Hesychasm, and the pursuit of the spiritual life are strongly encouraged not only among monastics but also among the laity.
40.
The dispute over Hesychasm came before a synod held at Constantinople in May 1341 and presided over by the emperor Andronicus III Palaeologus.
