In 1533 the Statute in Restraint of Appeals removed the right of the English clergy and laity to appeal to Rome on matters of matrimony, tithes and oblations.
32.
On 30 March, Cranmer was consecrated Archbishop of Canterbury, and Act in Restraint of Appeals, ensuring that any verdict concerning the king's marriage could not be challenged in Rome.
33.
Throckmorton, Littleton and Sir John Giffard were all placed by Thomas Cromwell on a list believed to be of members opposed to the 1533 Statute in Restraint of Appeals.
34.
The report for the British Council charges that American Equity's influence in the international exchange of actors " is unquestionably operating in restraint of trade between the two countries ."
35.
The question in this case was whether a collective decision to do the same thing, by employers in a multi-employer bargaining setting, amounted to a conspiracy in restraint of trade.
36.
This attitude, in Thompson s view, would be in conformity with the spirit of the Act in Restraint of Appeals, one of the foundational parliamentary acts of the English Reformation.
37.
In the last 20 years, doctors have often been accused of violating the seminal antitrust law, the Sherman Act of 1890, which prohibits contracts, combinations and conspiracies in restraint of trade.
38.
Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, is declared to be illegal.
39.
Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, is hereby declared to be illegal.
40.
A contract in restraint of trade is valid and enforceable unless the party wishing to escape its consequences can prove that the restraint is contrary to the public interest and thus unenforceable.
