This form of argument is an informal fallacy, because the attack on Q may not necessarily reveal anything about the truth value of the premise P . This fallacy has been identified since the Middle Ages by many philosophers.
32.
The perfect solution fallacy is a related informal fallacy that occurs when an argument assumes that a perfect solution exists or that a solution should be rejected because some part of the problem would still exist after it were implemented.
33.
:This is something of a variation on the old saw " " Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence " ", which is touched on as a sort of informal fallacy in " argument from ignorance ".
34.
Fallacies of questionable cause, also known as causal fallacies, " non-causa pro causa " ( Latin for " non-cause for cause " ), or false cause, are informal fallacies where a cause is incorrectly identified.
35.
The forms of argument that render deductions valid are well-established, however some invalid arguments can also be persuasive depending on their construction ( inductive arguments, for example ) . " ( See also, formal fallacy and informal fallacy ) ."
36.
Wikipedia says it refers to an " informal fallacy based on giving the impression of refuting an opponent's argument, while actually refuting an argument which was not advanced by that opponent ", but here are two dictionary definitions that say something completely different:
37.
On the other hand, were such an argument to rely imprudently on the " lack " of research to promote its conclusion, it would be considered an informal fallacy whereas the former can be a persuasive way to shift the burden of proof in an argument or debate.
38.
Misuse of anecdotal evidence is an informal fallacy and is sometimes referred to as the " person who " fallacy ( " I know a person who . . . "; " I know of a case where . . . " etc . ) which places undue weight on experiences of close peers which may not be typical.
39.
Robert T . Pennock rebutted Johnson's belief that science was improperly defined within Edwards v . Aguillard, stating that the dual model of science established by Johnson ( either creationism, or evolution is correct and true, and by disproving any part of evolution, creationism'wins'by default ) is a false dilemma, a type of informal fallacy.
40.
The informal fallacy of "'accident "'( also called "'destroying the exception "'or " "'a dicto simpliciter ad dictum secundum quid " "') is a deductively valid but unsound argument occurring in statistical syllogisms ( an argument based on a generalization ) when an exception to a rule of thumb is ignored.
