Weak van der Waals forces also help hold together certain crystals, such as crystalline molecular solids, as well as the interlayer bonding in graphite.
32.
The interlayer keeps the layers of glass bonded even when broken, and its high strength prevents the glass from breaking up into large sharp pieces.
33.
By exchanging the original interlayer cations for organocations ( typically quaternary alkylammonium ions ) an organophilic surface is generated, consisting of covalently linked organic moieties.
34.
Typically, the most intense frequencies generated are between 3 and 5 kHz, depending on the type of glass and the presence of a plastic interlayer.
35.
The presence of ice belts, reticulated ice interlayers, and wide, round-shouldered ice wedges indicate that permafrost formed in these sediments as they accumulated.
36.
The PVB interlayer also gives the glass a much higher sound insulation rating, due to the damping effect, and also blocks 99 % of incoming UV radiation.
37.
Structurally, brammallite is quite similar to muscovite or sericite with slightly more silicon, magnesium, iron, and water and slightly less tetrahedral aluminium and interlayer potassium.
38.
The remaining two hydroxyl groups of the dihydrogen phosphate are pointing toward the interlayer gallery forming a pocket where a hydrogen bond is formed with the interlayer water molecules.
39.
The remaining two hydroxyl groups of the dihydrogen phosphate are pointing toward the interlayer gallery forming a pocket where a hydrogen bond is formed with the interlayer water molecules.
40.
The interlayer distance of dried graphite oxides was reported as ~ 6-7 ?but in liquid water it increases up to 11-13 ?at room temperature.
