Besides cameras, the spacecraft would carry a laser altimeter to measure the changing shape of Europa as its surface bulges and subsides in response to powerful tidal forces.
32.
Flying out of San Juan, the T-39 Sabreliner also will use its laser altimeter to survey parts of Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic and other areas of the Caribbean.
33.
"' Land Vegetation and Ice Sensor ( LVIS ) "'- The Land, Vegetation and Ice Sensor ( LVIS ) is a laser altimeter optimized for operation at higher altitudes.
34.
After extensive research and experimentation, it has been shown that " phase radio altimeters " are most suitable for such applications as compared to laser altimeter, isotropic or ultrasonic altimeters.
35.
A NASA space shuttle crew tested the laser altimeter technology last year in orbit above the Caribbean, central Africa and the United States, but measurements frequently were frustrated by cloud cover.
36.
Data from the imagers and a laser altimeter will be combined with the data from Mariner 9 and the Viking orbiters to yield a highly detailed map of the Red Planet.
37.
Surveyor's laser altimeter, which uses flashes of laser light to measure surface elevations, will help prevent those landers from coming down on top of a big boulder or falling into a crevasse.
38.
A study with the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter, Thermal Emission Imaging System ( THEMIS ) and the Mars Orbiter Camera ( MOC ) support the idea that Warrego Valles was formed from precipitation.
39.
Studying elevation contours created by a laser altimeter aboard the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft, the scientists found evidence that the area was once a basin formed by the impact of a large meteorite billions of years ago.
40.
The Laser Altimeter was designed with the intention of measuring the altitude of the spacecraft above the lunar surface within approximately two meters ( 6.5 feet ), and providing altitude information to the panoramic and mapping cameras.
