Mutations that abnormally activate Sonic hedgehog signaling predispose to cancer of the cerebellum ( medulloblastoma ) in humans with Gorlin Syndrome and in genetically engineered mouse models.
32.
The MicroRNA ( miR )-124 has successfully controlled cancer progression in an " in-vitro " setting for medulloblastoma and glioblastoma cells.
33.
The laboratory is using a number of genome-wide techniques to identify novel tumour suppressor genes and oncogenes important in the pathogenesis of medulloblastoma and ependymoma.
34.
The malignant ( anaplastic ) varieties of this tumor, malignant ependymoma and the ependymoblastoma, are treated similarly to medulloblastoma but the prognosis is much less favorable.
35.
Catenins are known to be associated with colorectal and ovarian cancer, and they have been identified in pilomatrixoma, medulloblastoma, pleomorphic adenomas, and malignant mesothelioma.
36.
This demonstration was obtained by overexpressing BTG2 in a mouse model of medulloblastoma, presenting activation of the Sonic Hedgehog pathway ( heterozygous for the gene Patched1 ).
37.
Medulloblastoma and other primitive neuroectodermal tumors ( PNETs ) are a group of highly aggressive central nervous system tumors with a tendency to spread via cerebrospinal fluid pathways.
38.
BRCA2 is required in the mouse for neurogenesis and suppression of medulloblastoma . BRCA2 loss profoundly affects neurogenesis, particularly during embryonic and postnatal neural development.
39.
SNP array karyotyping can be used to distinguish, for example, a medulloblastoma with an isochromosome 17q from a primary rhabdoid tumour with loss of 22q11.2.
40.
Established medulloblastoma ( a malignant brain tumor common in childhood ) specimens express CD46, and that medulloblastoma specimens removed from patients had a high level of CD46 expression.
