Electrons ejected from a solid will generally undergo multiple scattering events and lose energy in the form of collective electron density oscillations called plasmons.
32.
Multiple scattering can be defined as when the thickness increases and the number of interactions become high the angular dispersion can be modelled as Gaussian.
33.
So on average, a starlight photon is scattered from a single interstellar grain; multiple scattering ( which produces circular polarization ) is much less likely.
34.
The next year, these authors, with another student of Rossi's, Stanislaw Olbert, showed how to derive information on particle energies from measurements of their multiple scattering.
35.
Ion beam fluctuations because of lateral deviations on Target surface is explained by considering Multiple scattering of an ion beam which is directed in x direction.
36.
Weaker sources of circular polarization in nature include multiple scattering by linear polarizers, as in the circular polarization of starlight, and selective absorption by circularly dichroic media.
37.
Doppler Optical coherence tomography is an optical flow measurement technique that improves on the spatial resolution of laser Doppler flowmetry by rejecting multiple scattering light with coherent gating.
38.
They found values of q \ sim 5 \ times 10 ^ {-3 }, which is higher than for ordinary stars, presumably because of multiple scattering from dust grains.
39.
The multiple scattering's contribution to the irradiance at " x " is modified by the individual particle scattering coefficient, the number concentration of particles, and the depth of the beam.
40.
This second visit to the United States coincided with the 1966 Parkfield earthquake, noteworthy for its so-called coda waves, reverberations of seismic energy due to multiple scattering from subsurface inhomogeneities.
