However, given the large number of languages with just a single open vowel, I would not be shocked if a counterexample is found, for example in some dialect of Arabic.
32.
Near-open vowels are sometimes described as "'lax "'variants of the fully open vowels, though, depending on the language, they may not necessarily be " variants " of open vowels at all.
33.
Near-open vowels are sometimes described as "'lax "'variants of the fully open vowels, though, depending on the language, they may not necessarily be " variants " of open vowels at all.
34.
Near-open vowels are sometimes described as "'lax "'variants of the fully open vowels, though, depending on the language, they may not necessarily be " variants " of open vowels at all.
35.
Other near-open vowels can be indicated with diacritics of relative articulation applied to letters for neighboring vowels, such as } } and } } for near-open near-back rounded and unrounded vowels.
36.
The realization of / Y? / in this case begins with a more back, rounded and sometimes more open vowel quality; it may be transcribed as [ T? ] or [ R? ].
37.
Other names for a near-open vowel are "'lowered open-mid vowel "'and "'raised open vowel "', though the former phrase may also be used to describe a vowel that is as low as open-mid.
38.
Other names for a near-open vowel are "'lowered open-mid vowel "'and "'raised open vowel "', though the former phrase may also be used to describe a vowel that is as low as open-mid.
39.
Open vowels have high F1 frequencies, while close vowels have low F1 frequencies, as can be seen in the accompanying spectrogram : The and have similar low first formants, whereas has a higher formant.
40.
However, in open vowels, the high F1 frequency forces a rise in the F2 frequency as well, so an alternative measure of frontness is the " difference " between the first and second formants.
