Furthermore, the solute S can react with the extractant to form a complex ES . This complexation of the solute with the extractant shifts the overall extraction equilibrium further towards the organic phase.
32.
This is referred to as capillary electroextraction, or cEE . In this set up, shown in figure 3, a capillary containing aqueous phase is placed in a vial of organic phase and surrounded by a hallow cathode.
33.
In 1984 Pashely described the smear layer as being composed of two phases; an organic phase, composed of collagen residues and glycosaminoglycans from extracellular matrix of pulp cells, which acts as a matrix for an inorganic phase.
34.
Early experiments with 256 Lr therefore used rapid solvent extraction, with the chelating agent thenoyltrifluoroacetone ( TTA ) dissolved in methyl isobutyl ketone ( MIBK ) as the organic phase, and with the aqueous phase being buffered acetate solutions.
35.
Another possible way to separate the trivalent actinides is via solvent extraction chromatography using bis-( 2-ethylhexyl ) phosphoric acid ( abbreviated as HDEHP ) as the stationary organic phase and nitric acid as the mobile aqueous phase.
36.
When the nitric acid concentration is high the extraction into the organic phase is favoured, and when the nitric acid concentration is low the extraction is reversed ( the organic phase is " stripped " of the metal ).
37.
When the nitric acid concentration is high the extraction into the organic phase is favoured, and when the nitric acid concentration is low the extraction is reversed ( the organic phase is " stripped " of the metal ).
38.
This medium active aqueous mixture is then extracted again by tributyl phosphate / hydrocarbon to form a new organic phase, the metal bearing organic phase is then stripped of the metals to form an aqueous mixture of only uranium and plutonium.
39.
This medium active aqueous mixture is then extracted again by tributyl phosphate / hydrocarbon to form a new organic phase, the metal bearing organic phase is then stripped of the metals to form an aqueous mixture of only uranium and plutonium.
40.
If the organic layer was to acquire too much metal then a solid metal complex might form, or more worryingly in a nuclear process the potential for a criticality accident if the fissile metal concentration in the organic phase becomes too high.
