Good reducing agents tend to consist of atoms with a low electronegativity, the ability of an atom or molecule to attract bonding electrons, and species with relatively small ionization energies serve as good reducing agents too . " The measure of a material to oxidize or lose electrons is known as its oxidation potential ".
32.
His seminal discoveries in this area ranged from tetracyanoethylene oxide, which adds to olefins through its carbon-carbon bond; hexacyanobutadiene, with an oxidation potential near that of bromine; pentacyanocyclopentadiene, an acid as strong as perchloric acid; diiminosuccinonitrile, a remarkable adduct of cyanogen and hydrogen cyanide; and diazodicyanoimidazole, which cleaves to a carbene that forms a bromo ylide with bromobenzene.
33.
This half-reaction has an oxidation potential of-0.11 V . Since this half-reaction is not readily reversible as the half-reaction at the positive electrode, several research groups have steered away from using pure organic radical batteries and instead use metal / ORB hybrid batteries usually consist of a radical polymer cathode and the same anode found in rechargeable Li-ion batteries.
34.
Some practical advantages of gold ( I ) catalysis include : 1 ) air stability ( due to the high oxidation potential of Au ( I ) ), 2 ) tolerance towards adventitious moisture ( due its low oxophilicity ), and 3 ) relatively low toxicity compared to other pi-acids ( e . g ., Pt ( II ) and Hg ( II ) ).
