The orbital radii of planets intensity to distance from the source, comparable radiation intensities are present at distances \ scriptstyle \ sqrt { 4.9 } = 2.2 times farther from HR 8799 than from the Sun, meaning that corresponding planets in the solar and HR 8799 systems receive similar amounts of stellar radiation.
32.
An intense flood of particles or waves will not cause ionization if these particles or waves do not carry enough energy to be ionizing, unless they raise the temperature of a body to a point high enough to ionize small fractions of atoms or molecules by the process of thermal-ionization ( this, however, requires relatively extreme radiation intensities ).
33.
Lanthanum-140 was chosen for having the right emitted gamma ray energy ( 1.60 megaelectronvolts ( MeV ), with fraction of 0.49 MeV ) and a sufficient radiation intensity to provide satisfying signal from the ionization chambers, combined with a rapid radioactive decay into stable Cerium-140 ( reducing the radiation hazard for the operators after a period of several half lives ).
34.
3D Systems has applied for patents for the following innovations and technologies : the rapid prototyping and manufacturing system and method; radiation curable compositions useful in image projection systems; compensation of actinic radiation intensity profiles for 3D modelers; apparatus and method for cooling part cake in laser sintering; radiation curable compositions useful in solid freeform fabrication systems; apparatus for 3D printing using imaged layers; compositions and methods for selective deposition modeling; edge smoothness with low resolution projected images for use in solid imaging; elevator and method for tilting solid image build platform for reducing air entrapment and for build release; selective deposition modeling methods for improved support-object interface; region-based supports for parts produced by solid freeform fabrication; additive manufacturing methods for improved curl control and sidewall quality; support and build material and applications.
