Originally they used rotary converters, a few of which are even still in operation, but most were supplanted first by mercury arc rectifiers and then by semiconductor rectifiers.
32.
In spite of modern power semiconductor technology, rotary converters are still common for feeding railway systems with AC of a different frequency from that of the main electricity grid.
33.
Lamme designed much of the apparatus for the Westinghouse exhibit at the Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893, including alternating-current generators, induction motors, and rotary converters.
34.
It is said that any unauthorized person entering the facility during the war risked being shot on sight; the rotary converters could have easily been crippled by a bucket of sand.
35.
The rotary converter can be thought of as a motor-generator, where the two machines share a single rotating commutator which allows DC current to be extracted from the rotor.
36.
In some cases, where most load was to be railway or motor loads, it was considered economic to generate power at 25 Hz and install rotary converters for 60 Hz distribution.
37.
In the interwar period ACEC began to produce vacuum-based electronics, including mercury arc rectifiers-in 1929 mercury-arc retifiers were installed on Bruxelles tram system replacing rotary converters.
38.
Possibilities included the QSL lead smelting process, the Kivcet process, the Kaldo top-blown rotary converter, and adapting Outokumpu s successful copper and nickel flash furnace to lead smelting.
39.
In elements of the fabric and design, the building demonstrates now rare evidence of the electrical system arrangement and working of an interwar, rotary converter type, tramways substation in Brisbane.
40.
Prior to the development of mercury arc valve rectifiers, rotary converters were used to produce DC power from AC . Like other commutator-type machines, these worked better with lower frequencies.
