The pathogenic parasitic protists of the genus " Leishmania " have been shown to be capable of a sexual cycle in the invertebrate vector, likened to the meiosis undertaken in the trypanosomes.
32.
The cycle of haploid reproduction, with occasional fusion to a transient diploid state, followed by splitting to the haploid state, can be considered to be the sexual cycle in its most primitive form.
33.
It seems that a sexual cycle is maintained because it improves the quality of progeny ( fitness ), despite reducing the overall number of offspring ( " twofold cost of sex " ).
34.
In some fungi, two different haploid mating types if compatible merge . nuclei, i . e ., one from each parent that eventually undergoes karyogamy and meiosis to complete the sexual cycle.
35.
Among the 250 known species of aspergilli, about 36 % have an identified sexual state Among those Aspergillus species that exhibit a sexual cycle the overwhelming majority in nature are homothallic ( self-fertilizing ).
36.
The Glomeromycota have generally septate ) mycelia and reproduce asexually through blastic development of the hyphal tip to produce spores Based on these and related findings, it was suggested that " Glomus " species may have a cryptic sexual cycle.
37.
So the park has pioneered, in collaboration with the Deutsches Primatenzentrum and the University of G�ttingen ( Germany ), the development of techniques that have allowed the knowledge of the sexual cycle in female African elephant by noninvasive methods ( using samples feces and urine ).
38.
This fungus is difficult to control because populations contain extremely high levels of genetic variability and it has very unusual biology for a pathogen . " Zymoseptoria tritici " has an active sexual cycle under natural conditions, which is an important driver of septoria tritici blotch epidemics and results in high genetic diversity of populations in the field.
39.
For normal strains, the entire sexual cycle takes 10 to 15 days . In a mature ascus containing eight ascospores, pairs of adjacent spores are identical in genetic constitution, since the last division is mitotic, and since the ascospores are contained in the ascus sac that holds them in a definite order determined by the direction of nuclear segregations during meiosis.
