In Daugman's algorithms, most amplitude information is discarded, and the 2048 bits representing an iris pattern consist of phase information ( complex sign bits of the Gabor wavelet projections ).
32.
Unlike an arithmetic shift, a circular shift does not preserve a number's sign bit or distinguish a number's exponent from its significand ( sometimes referred to as the mantissa ).
33.
Where is the sign bit, is its inverse ( i . e . positive values are encoded with MSB = } } = 1 ), and bits marked are discarded.
34.
For multiplication and division, he proposes placing the binary point after sign bit, which means all numbers are treated as being between-1 and 1 and therefore computation problems must be scaled accordingly.
35.
The peripheral processors in the true 180s were always 16-bit machines with the sign bit determining whether a 16 / 64 bit or 12 / 60 bit PP instruction was being executed.
36.
When using a complement representation, to convert a signed number to a wider format the additional bits must be filled with copies of the sign bit in order to preserve its numerical value,
37.
On a typical computer system, a'double precision'( 64-bit ) binary floating-point number has a coefficient of 53 bits ( one of which is implied ), an exponent of 11 bits, and one sign bit.
38.
As the sign bit is the same as the most significant bit of a number " considered " unsigned, the overflow flag is " meaningless " and normally ignored when unsigned numbers are added or subtracted.
39.
In IEEE 754 decimal floating point encoding, a negative zero is represented by an exponent being any valid exponent in the range for the encoding, the true significand being zero, and the sign bit being one.
40.
When performed on a signed type, the result is technically undefined and compiler dependant, however most compilers will perform an arithmetic shift, causing the blank to be filled with the sign bit of the left operand.
