Addressing fluctuating partially coherent light emitters with a tailored spectral energy distribution in the optical range, this establishes the link between stochastic electrodynamics and coherence theory; henceforth putting forward a way to optically create and control both such zero-point fields as well as Lifshitz forces of thermal fluctuations.
32.
Temperature estimates for the star range from around 18, 000K to well over 30, 000K . The hotter temperatures found from fitting the spectral energy distribution ( SED ) are consistent with the calculated luminosity of an LBV in the quiescent stage, but the spectrum is that of a cooler star.
33.
The spectral density of the vacuum field is fixed by the form of the radiation reaction field, or vice versa : because the radiation reaction field varies with the third derivative of, the spectral energy density of the vacuum field must be proportional to the third power of in order for to hold.
34.
This technique " comprises variable distribution of the spectral energy, synthesis of the global sound sources, micro-and macro-form as sound-process, four simultaneous layers of perception and of speed, and spectral scordaturae, i . e . rows of unequal intervals corresponding to harmonic scales ".
35.
Dividing E _ s ( f ) by " Z " o, the characteristic impedance of free space ( in ohms ), the dimensions become joule-seconds per meter 2 or, equivalently, joules per meter 2 per hertz, which is dimensionally correct in SI units for spectral energy density.
36.
The hotspots that are usually seen in FRII sources are interpreted as being the visible manifestations of shocks formed when the fast, and therefore supersonic, jet ( the speed of sound cannot exceed c / " 3 ) abruptly terminates at the end of the source, and their spectral energy distributions are consistent with this picture.
37.
Therefore, BPSK-modulated signals such as C / A GPS codes have most of their spectral energy concentrated around the carrier frequency, while BOC-modulated signals ( used in Galileo system ) have low energy around the carrier frequency and two main spectral lobes further away from the carrier ( thus, the name of split-spectrum ).
38.
The visual appearance depends on the spectral energy distribution of an object's light, the red-or blueshift is a secondary effect to the visual appearance, which is not uniquely " red " or " blue " ( it is defined as a shift of the spectrum towards longer ( " redder " ) or shorter ( " bluer " ) wavelengths ) .-- talk ) 11 : 59, 16 August 2012 ( UTC)
39.
For example, if " x " ( " t " ) represents the magnitude of the electric field component ( in volts per meter ) of an optical signal propagating through free space, then the dimensions of " X " ( " f " ) would become volt�seconds per meter and E _ s ( f ) would represent the signal's spectral energy density ( in volts 2 �second 2 per meter 2 ) as a function of frequency " f " ( in hertz ).
40.
The background field is introduced as a Lorentz force in the ( classical ) Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac equation ( see : Abraham Lorentz Dirac force ), where the classical statistics of the electric and magnetic fields and quadratic combinations thereof are chosen to match the vacuum expectation values of the equivalent operators in QED . The field is generally represented as a discrete sum of cut off, the total field has an infinite energy density, with a spectral energy density ( per unit frequency per unit volume ) [ 2h / c 3 ] f 3 where h is Planck's constant.
