In a series of papers, Vishwanath and collaborators studied a quantum magnet model of spin-1 / 2 particles populating a two-dimensional square lattice.
32.
Any tiling by these tiles can only exhibit a hierarchy of square lattices : each orange square is at the corner of a larger orange square, ad infinitum.
33.
This is related to the fact that a square lattice can be partitioned into two square sub-lattices, as is evident in the colouring of a checkerboard.
34.
Wannier developed a complete set of orthogonal functions known as the Wannier functions which became tools of the trade for critical point for the Ising model on the square lattice.
35.
As with the ice-type models, the eight-vertex model is a square lattice model, where each state is a configuration of arrows at a vertex.
36.
They can conveniently be referred to as the upright square lattice and diagonal square lattice; the latter is also called the "'centered square lattice " '.
37.
They can conveniently be referred to as the upright square lattice and diagonal square lattice; the latter is also called the "'centered square lattice " '.
38.
They can conveniently be referred to as the upright square lattice and diagonal square lattice; the latter is also called the "'centered square lattice " '.
39.
In two dimensions, however, it is exactly solvable on a square lattice for certain values of N and / or the'weights'x _ { k }.
40.
The toric code is defined on a two-dimensional lattice, usually chosen to be the square lattice, with a spin-?degree of freedom located on each edge.
