Ideal switching elements ( e . g ., transistors operated outside of their active mode ) have no resistance when " closed " and carry no current when " open ", and so the converters can theoretically operate with 100 % efficiency ( i . e ., all input power is delivered to the load; no power is wasted as dissipated heat ).
32.
The triac ( the power switching element ) drops less than a volt when switched " on " and dissipates no power when switched off, so even on a 120 volt circuit, less than 1 % of the voltage is dropped in the switch; on a 230 volt circuit, less than 0.5 % of the voltage is lost in the power switch.
