| 31. | Classical thermodynamics postulates the existence of systems in their own states of internal thermodynamic equilibrium.
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| 32. | One may imagine two such cavities, each in its own isolated radiative and thermodynamic equilibrium.
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| 33. | For example, local thermodynamic equilibrium in a liquid is reached within a few collision times.
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| 34. | It is not known however whether it eventually achieves thermodynamic equilibrium . [ 34 ],
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| 35. | This article is focused mainly on classical thermodynamics which primarily studies systems in thermodynamic equilibrium.
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| 36. | Very strong incident radiation or other factors can disrupt thermodynamic equilibrium or local thermodynamic equilibrium.
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| 37. | Very strong incident radiation or other factors can disrupt thermodynamic equilibrium or local thermodynamic equilibrium.
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| 38. | The main result of this paper is that this thermodynamic equilibrium should be a KMS state.
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| 39. | Systems in thermodynamic equilibrium are always in thermal equilibrium, but the converse is not always true.
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| 40. | The ISM is usually far from thermodynamic equilibrium.
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