Where the transition rate can be translated to real part of the complex conductivity, \ sigma _ 1, because the electrodynamic energy absorption is proportional to the \ sigma _ 1 E ^ 2.
32.
The inclination to switch from one state to the other is mathematically described as a transition rate or hazard rate, making the whole process of alternating distraction times and attention times a stochastic process.
33.
Between S and I, the transition rate is ?I, where ? is the contact rate, which takes into account the probability of getting the disease in a contact between a susceptible and an infectious subject.
34.
If the rate for an E1 transition is non-zero, the transition is said to be permitted; if it is zero, then M1, E2, etc . transitions can still produce radiation, albeit with much lower transitions rates.
35.
In the time-dependent perturbation theory for harmonic perturbations, the transition rate between the initial state \ psi _ { i } and the final state \ psi _ { f } is expressed by the Fermi's golden rule:
36.
Indeed, a necessary and sufficient condition for the reversibility condition is Kolmogorov's criterion, which demands that for the reversible chains the product of transition rates over any closed loop of states must be the same in both directions.
37.
The survival rate from Grade KG to Grade 5 is 36 percent while the transition rate from primary to middle in public schools in FATA is 64 percent ( 73 percent for boys and 45 percent for girls ).
38.
For a continuous-time Markov chain with transition rate matrix " Q ", the uniformized discrete-time Markov chain has probability transition matrix P : = ( p _ { ij } ) _ { i, j }, which is defined by
39.
Fermi's Golden Rule says that the transition rate W is given by a transition matrix element ( or " amplitude " ) M _ { i, f } weighted by the phase space and Planck's constant \ hbar such that
40.
For a discrete time Markov chain with transition matrix " Q " and equilibrium distribution \ pi, the global balance equation has the same form as above, except that q _ { ij } should be interpreted as the transition probability and not the transition rate.
