| 31. | Donor impurity atoms have more valence electrons than the atoms they replace in the intrinsic semiconductor lattice.
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| 32. | The molecule ClO 2 has an odd number of valence electrons, and therefore, it is a radical.
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| 33. | For transition metal compounds, the 16 valence electrons ( eight from ligands, eight from the metal ).
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| 34. | As a result, a carbon atom forms four covalent bonds by sharing valence electrons with other atoms.
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| 35. | All chalcogens have six valence electrons.
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| 36. | This theory predicts that tetrametallic clusters with 60 valence electrons will adopt tetrahedral geometry with six M-M bonds.
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| 37. | Elements that contain the same number of valence electrons can be grouped together and display similar chemical properties.
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| 38. | All of the chalcogens have six valence electrons, leaving them two electrons short of a full outer shell.
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| 39. | Thus when determining the ordering of energy levels in general only the outer valence electrons must be considered.
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| 40. | This complex bonding behavior originates from the fact that boron has only three valence electrons; this hinders polyhedra.
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