The first director of the " Bavaria Project ", Peter H�ttenberger defined " Widerstand " as " every form of rebellion against at least potentially total rule within the context of asymmetrical relations of rule ".
32.
Realizing that not every action that blocked the Nazi regime's total claims should be considered a form of " Widerstand ", Broszat devised the controversial concept of " Resistenz " ( immunity ).
33.
The Swiss paramilitary organization " Aktion Nationaler Widerstand " ( Resistant National Action ), formed from contacts between selected army figures and conservative civilian circles, had the explicit task to persuade the civilian population to resist invaders.
34.
Through his work on the " Bavaria Project ", Broszat formed the concept of " Resistenz " ( immunity ), which is not to be confused with resistance ( in German " Widerstand " ).
35.
"' Johannes Tuchel "'( born 20 December 1957 ) is a Memorial to the German Resistance ( " " Gedenkst�tte Deutscher Widerstand " " ) memorial museum and Chief Executive of the foundation responsible for it.
36.
Starting in the 1960s, a younger generation of West German historians such as Hans Mommsen started to provide a more critical assessment of " Widerstand " within German elites, and came to decry the " monumentalization " of the 1950s.
37.
Increasingly, West German historians started in the 1960s and 1970s to examine " Widerstand " outside of elites, and by focusing on resistance by ordinary people to challenge the popular notion that had been " resistance without the people ".
38.
Auschwitz survivor Bruno Baum published a book in East Germany, " Widerstand in Auschwitz ", claiming that Jewish resistance had been spearheaded by Communist intellectuals, and that he had published a newspaper called " Auschwitzer Echo " from within Auschwitz itself.
39.
Based upon extensive interviews with the former French foreign minister Georges Bonnet, Hoggan followed up " Der erzwungene Krieg " with " Frankreichs Widerstand gegen den Zweiten Weltkrieg " ( " France's Resistance to the Second World War " ) in 1963.
40.
Starting in the 1960s, Mommsen was one of a younger generation of West German historians who provide a more critical assessment of " Widerstand " within German elites, and came to decry the " monumentalization " typical of German historical writing about " Widerstand " in the 1950s.
