A distinctive characteristic of Wu dialects is their retention of the Middle Chinese " muddy voice " initials, so that Wu is one of the few Chinese dialect groups with a three-way distinction between voiced, voiceless and aspirated consonants.
42.
Both of the above verbs have a " strong aorist " or " 2nd aorist " ending in ( ) rather than the usual ( ), and the perfect tense has an aspirated consonant ( ) before the ending instead of ( ).
43.
Medhurst acknowledges taking phrases from Morrison's Chinese-English Dictionary and elsewhere, and adopting Morrison's widely used orthography, with the addition of aspirated consonants and pitch accents or tones, " as far as they were ascertainable ".
44.
Other indications, such as the use of the aspirated consonants and the avoiding of the letters " m " and " t " as terminal sounds, show that the Iapygian dialect was essentially different from the Italian one and corresponds in some respects to the Greek dialects.
45.
In a 5-vowel system, i & ndash; e & ndash; a & ndash; o & ndash; u, the mid vowels may be of secondary origin historically, as in mora of a long vowel is devoiced before a plain or aspirated consonant ( preaspiration ) and laryngealized before a laryngealized consonant.
46.
As Angr pointed out, non-scientific transcriptions of South Indian languages, that do not have aspirated consonants, commonly use " th " for the dental / t * / ( this holds true at least for Tamil, Malayalam and Sinhala, it does not seem to be common in Telugu and Kannada ).
47.
:Si1965-- To do such etymologies, you have to look at the earliest-attested or earliest-reconstructible form on each side, in the context of each language system as it existed at the time . " Th " in Indo-European was a single aspirated consonant sound, while " h " in Egyptian represented a separate consonant.
48.
Voiced and aspirated consonants are tone depressors, with high tone at the level of mid after a tenuis or glottalized consonant, and mid at the level of low . ( However, the endpoint of low > mid tone does not change, and so effectively becomes low > high . ) Aspirated consonants ( and especially delayed-aspirated clicks ) have an additional depressive effect at the beginning of the tone, so that they are phonetically rising; the contour, however, is a sharp rise at the beginning, rather than the slow descent with a sharp rise at the end of the phonemically rising tones.
49.
Voiced and aspirated consonants are tone depressors, with high tone at the level of mid after a tenuis or glottalized consonant, and mid at the level of low . ( However, the endpoint of low > mid tone does not change, and so effectively becomes low > high . ) Aspirated consonants ( and especially delayed-aspirated clicks ) have an additional depressive effect at the beginning of the tone, so that they are phonetically rising; the contour, however, is a sharp rise at the beginning, rather than the slow descent with a sharp rise at the end of the phonemically rising tones.
