In chemistry, "'azeotropic distillation "'is any of a range of techniques used to break an azeotrope in distillation.
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An azeotrope is a constant-boiling liquid mixture ( to vapor at a certain temp . ) at a certain % for each component.
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A list of 15825 binary and ternary mixtures was collated and published by the ACS . An azeotrope databank is also available online through Edinburgh University
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:: I know this is a very old thread, but in response to DanielLC, H2O2 and water do not form an azeotrope.
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Distillation of the reaction mixture yields a condensate that is high in water content, since water and formic acid form a high boiling azeotrope.
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The temperature and composition of the azeotrope is easily predicted from the vapor pressure of the pure components, without use of Raoult's law.
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Note that starting to the right of the azeotrope point results in the same stepwise process closing in on the azeotrope point from the other direction.
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Note that starting to the right of the azeotrope point results in the same stepwise process closing in on the azeotrope point from the other direction.
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The azeotrope should also be stable as far as evaporation is concerned, as well as the individual components when they are separate, of course.
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Anhydrous magnesium nitrate is also used to increase the concentration of nitric acid past its azeotrope of approximately 68 % nitric acid and 32 % water.