The compressed rings retained their structure for 5 ?s, with a density of 2 x 10 17 cm " 3, an ion temperature of 5 keV, an electron temperature of 300 eV . A cutoff of funds prevented further measurements to resolve the discrepancy between the above figures, and the plasma electron-ion temperature equilibration time of 1 ?s.
42.
Using the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer on board the Chandra X-ray Observatory, Lopez observed the Galactic supernova remnant ( SNR ) W49B to understand the thermodynamic properties and explosive origin of the SNR . The observed electron temperature and absorbing column toward W49B suggest that the mean metal abundances are consistent with the predicted yields in models of bipolar / jet-driven core-collapse SNe.
43.
The typical plasma parameters during capacitor bank discharges are : I p ~ 30 kA, shot duration ~ 25 ms, central electron temperature ~ 100 eV and core plasma density ~ 10 19 m " 3 and the typical parameters of APPS operation is ~ 100 kA plasma current, ~ 100 ms duration, central electron temp . ~ 300 eV and ~ 3x10 19 m " 3 core plasma density.
44.
The case most favorable to p 11 B relative to D-T fuel is a ( hypothetical ) confinement device that only works well at ion temperatures above about 400 keV, in which the reaction rate parameter is equal for the two fuels, and that runs with low electron temperature . p 11 B does not require as long a confinement time because the energy of its charged products is two and a half times higher than that for D-T . However, relaxing these assumptions, for example by considering hot electrons, by allowing the D-T reaction to run at a lower temperature or by including the energy of the neutrons in the calculation shifts the power density advantage to D-T.
