Dr . Bruce C . Murray, a scientist at the California Institute of Technology and president of the Planetary Society, a private group in Pasadena that backs space exploration, said the exobiology fervor was being fed by a rush of recent findings about Mars, Europa and extrasolar planets.
42.
"' ExoMars "'( "'Exobiology on Mars "') is a two-part Martian astrobiology project to search for evidence of life on Mars, a joint mission of the European Space Agency ( ESA ) and the Russian space agency Roscosmos.
43.
In this position, Dr . Soffen was responsible for the agency-wide program to monitor and maintain the physical well being of NASA astronauts in space, as well as the Biomedical Program, the Space Biology Program, and the Exobiology ( also sometimes called the Astrobiology ) program.
44.
Astrobiology addresses the question of whether life exists beyond Earth, and how humans can detect it if it does ( the term "'exobiology "'is similar but more specific it covers the search for life beyond Earth, and the effects of extraterrestrial environments on living things ).
45.
He is interested in the origin of life and the chemical conditions and processes needed to produce RNA . Benner has worked with NASA to develop detectors for alien genetic materials, using the definition of life developed by the NASA Exobiology Discipline Working Group in 1992, a self-sustaining chemical system capable of Darwinian evolution .
46.
The main thing of note for exobiology is that it will have two Raman spectrometers, first to fly to the planet ( except for ExoMars if they get there first ) on Supercam and on SHERLOC which uses a spot of ultraviolet laser light to micro-map minerals and organics on the samples on the scale of 50 microns.
47.
Sagan and Coleman assumed that about 60 missions to the Mars surface would occur before the exobiology of Mars is thoroughly understood, 54 of those successful, and 30 flybys or orbiters, and the number was chosen to endure a probability to keep the planet free from contamination of at least 99.9 % over the duration of the exploration period.
48.
"' EXPORT "'is an exobiology project led by the European Space Agency, that deployed an external module to the International Space Station to study the photo-processing of organic molecules and the survival of some micro-organisms, as well as the effect of solar UV on unshielded organic molecules and micro-organisms while exposed to outer space.
49.
Their paper, " Life s Tectonics ", concerns Gaia and the role of life and water on plate tectonics, and when NASA recently celebrated the 50th anniversary of its exobiology program ( " Seeking Signs of Life ", October 2010 ), a passage from their paper was condensed and read as part of the opening keynote speech given by Lynn Margulis.
50.
The event is being organized by Squyres; Delaney, of the University of Washington, and Dr . Torrence V . Johnson, of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif . Financed by the ocean branch of the National Science Foundation and the exobiology branch of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, it is to be held Nov . 12 to 14 at the San Juan Institute in San Juan Capistrano, Calif.
