In a " typical processing campaign " at Oak Ridge, tens of grams of curium are irradiated to produce decigram quantities of californium, milligram quantities of berkelium-249 and einsteinium, and picogram quantities of fermium.
42.
Elements discovered by Berkeley Lab physicists include astatine, neptunium, plutonium, curium, americium, berkelium *, californium *, einsteinium, fermium, mendelevium, nobelium, lawrencium *, dubnium, and seaborgium *.
43.
If, as seems likely, this recommendation stands, the " transfermium elements "-- elements higher on the periodic table of elements than the man-made element fermium-- will have the following names:
44.
Among the transuranium elements, this restriction was relaxed, there followed curium ( after the Curies ), einsteinium, fermium ( Enrico Fermi ), mendelevium ( Dmitri Mendeleev ), nobelium, and lawrencium ( after Ernest Lawrence ).
45.
Before mendelevium's discovery, eluted just after fermium in the trivalent actinide elution sequence from a cation-exchange column of resin, and later the 1967 observation that mendelevium could form insoluble hydroxides and fluorides that coprecipitated with trivalent lanthanide salts.
46.
In 1986, nobelium metal was estimated to have an enthalpy of sublimation between 126 kJ�mol " 1, a value close to the values for einsteinium, fermium, and mendelevium and supporting the theory that nobelium would form a divalent metal.
47.
Minor amounts of uranium-240 are also formed, and capture of large numbers of neutrons by individual nuclei leads to formation of small but detectable amounts of higher transuranium elements, e . g . einsteinium-255 and fermium-255.
48.
Under normal conditions, fermium exists in solution as the Fm 3 + ion, which has a hydration number of 16.9 and an acid dissociation constant of 1.6 ( p " K " a = 3.8 ).
49.
His original name for element 105 ( hahnium ) was changed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry ( IUPAC ) to dubnium, to recognize the contributions of the laboratory at Dubna, Russia, in the search for trans-fermium elements.
50.
Although no new elements ( apart from einsteinium and fermium ) could be detected in the nuclear test debris, and the total yields of transuranium elements were disappointingly low, these tests did provide significantly higher amounts of rare heavy isotopes than previously available in laboratories.
