| 41. | The dual superconductor model is motivated by several observations in calculations using lattice gauge theory.
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| 42. | In 1981 she pioneered the uses of gauge theories.
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| 43. | It is the simplest example of a gauge theory.
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| 44. | Donaldson also derived polynomial invariants from gauge theory.
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| 45. | The same can happen in other gauge theories.
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| 46. | See also gauge theory for the definitions.
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| 47. | Caswell did work in quantum gauge theory.
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| 48. | In 3-dimensional gauge theories, vortices are particles.
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| 49. | The higher-spin Higher-Spin Gauge Theory article.
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| 50. | Physicists said Salam also made a significant contribution to gauge theories which describe the fundamental interaction of particles.
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