Steiner devised a rapid gelation process, allowing alcogels to be created in just a few seconds in a semi-automated mini-lab on the KC-135A . He tried out his recipe on the aircraft last year when he was only a freshman, but his equipment wasn't up to the task.
42.
Figure 3 shows the oxidation of dihydropyridine catalyzed / induced by NO . NO has been used as an analyte or biomarker for disease detection, and the discovery of NO s role in analyte-triggered gelation system no doubt has opened new doors to the world of chemical sensing . "'Figure 3 . "'
43.
An alternate approach is to promote self-assembly by triggering changes in intermolecular interactions, i . e . cis-trans isomerization, hydrogen bonding, donor-acceptor ?-? stacking interaction, electrostatic interactions etc . Matsumoto et al . and Hirst et al . have reported gelation using light-induced isomerization and by incorporating additives into the system to influence molecular packing, respectively.
44.
Since precursors with multiple functional groups polymerize into networks of covalent C-C bonds ( on average 85 kcal / mol ), networks formed by self-assembly, which relies on secondary forces ( generally less than 10 kcal / mol ), are less stable ., Theorists also have difficulties predicting characteristic gelation parameters, such as gel point and gelation time, with a single and simple equation.
45.
Since precursors with multiple functional groups polymerize into networks of covalent C-C bonds ( on average 85 kcal / mol ), networks formed by self-assembly, which relies on secondary forces ( generally less than 10 kcal / mol ), are less stable ., Theorists also have difficulties predicting characteristic gelation parameters, such as gel point and gelation time, with a single and simple equation.
46.
Other payloads on STS-93 included the Midcourse Space Experiment ( MSX ), the Shuttle Ionospheric Modification with Pulsed Local Exhaust ( SIMPLEX ), the Southwest Ultraviolet Imaging System ( SWUIS ), the Gelation of Sols : Applied Microgravity Research ( GOSAMR ) experiment, the Space Tissue Loss B ( STL-B ) experiment, a Light mass Flexible Solar Array Hinge ( LFSAH ), the Cell Culture Module ( CCM ), the Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment II ( SAREX II ), EarthKAM, Plant Growth Investigations in Microgravity ( PGIM ), the Commercial Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus ( CGBA ), the Micro-Electrical Mechanical System ( MEMS ), and the Biological Research in Canisters ( BRIC ).
