Arguably, " res judicata " is a general principle of international law under Article 38 ( 1 ) ( c ) of the International Court of Justice Statute . " The Court, whose function is to decide in accordance with international law such disputes as are submitted to it, shall apply : . . . c . the general principles of law recognized by civilized nations ".
42.
Thus the obligation on a national court to refer to the content of a directive when interpreting and applying the relevant rules of domestic law is limited by general principles of law and it cannot serve as the basis for an interpretation of national law contra legem ( see Case C-268 / 06 Impact [ 2008 ] ECR I-2483, paragraph 100, and Dominguez, paragraph 25 ).
43.
33 It should be recalled in that context that, according to settled case-law, fundamental rights form an integral part of the general principles of law the observance of which the Court ensures, and that, for that purpose, the Court draws inspiration from the constitutional traditions common to the Member States and from the guidelines supplied by international treaties for the protection of human rights on which the Member States have collaborated or to which they are signatories.
44.
We propose further from time to time, to place side by side the conflicting decisions of the various Courts in India on the same point in the hope that such procedure will enable the Courts to act in greater harmony than they do at present in the interpretation of Acts and enunciation of general principles of law and when this is not possible, to enable the Legislature to bring about such harmony by removing the ambiguities which may have given rise to such discordant views ."
45.
In 2015, the FIDE Ethics Commission ruled that ( 1 ) it was competent on the matter, that ( 2 ) the ICGA has not violated the FIDE Code of Ethics, nor any other FIDE rule or general principle of law in carrying out proceedings against Rajilch, and ( 3 ) by imposing a lifetime ban as a sanction against Mr Rajlich, in absence of a clear statutory basis and without sufficient procedural guarantees the ICGA violated par . 2.2 . 10 of the FIDE Code of Ethics.
46.
It requires the Court to apply, among other things, ( a ) international conventions, whether general or particular, establishing rules expressly recognized by the contesting states; ( b ) international custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as law; ( c ) the general principles of law recognized by civilized nations; ( d ) subject to the provisions of Article 59, judicial decisions and the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations, as subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law.
47.
The LLP structured as a legal entity separate from the partners of the LLP effectively shelters the individual partners from personal liability for the acts of another partner carried out in the course of business and for the debts and liabilities of the LLP . However, the LLP should not insulate a partner of the LLP from the liability which he would otherwise incur under general principles of law by his own wrongful acts or omissions, even though such acts or omissions of his are carried out or occur in his role as a partner of the LLP.
48.
Legal scholars stated that beside statehood elements, the initiative would have influenced multiple basic human rights and general principles of law protected by the Constitution of Latvia, such as the right to preserve and develop the Latvian language and Latvian ethnic and cultural identity, to participate in the work of the state and of local government, and to hold a position in the civil service; the right to choose one s employment and workplace freely; the right to education; the rights of a child; and the right to equality and non-discrimination, principles of proportionality, legal certainty, and legitimate expectations.
49.
It forbids issues like budget, taxes, military conscription, declaration of war, peace treaties, agreements with other nations, etc .; according to the Constitutional Court of Latvia, the intent of initiators to organise a referendum cannot entail repeal of the principle of wholeness of the Constitution of Latvia that prohibits interpretation of separate norms of the Constitution of Latvia as isolated from the other Constitution of Latvianorms, because the Constitution of Latvia as a document, which is a cohesive whole, influences the contents and sense of the norm; this means that at least the basic human rights and general principles of law listed in the Constitution of Latvia such as the right of minorities to preserve and develop their language and their ethnic and cultural identity, the rights of a child, and the right to equality and non-discrimination, not to mention the principles of proportionality, legal certainty, and legitimate expectations have to be honoured in the interpretation of all proposed amendments
