It appears illogical to claim that because one surgeon reported a higher incidence of infective endocarditis with one type of valve, that there could be any significant differences between'his'valves and those implanted by other surgeons.
42.
Although there is no understanding of the mechanisms by which this specific pathogen operates, it can be safely assumed that extremely hygienic environments are needed when operating on the heart, so that a resulting infective endocarditis does not occur.
43.
Historically, the use of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent post-operative infections, resulting from bacteraemia, and infective endocarditis was practiced by dentists, especially in patients at high risk ( i . e . with heart problems ).
44.
The bacteria were originally grouped because they were thought to be a significant cause of infective endocarditis, but recent literature has shown that they are rare and only responsible for 1.4 3 % of all cases of this disease.
45.
It is commonly used for a differential diagnosis for Kawasaki's disease ( from Takayasu's arteritis; which would have a markedly elevated ESR ) and it may be increased in some chronic infective conditions like tuberculosis and infective endocarditis.
46.
There has been one reported case where a woman possibly had infective endocarditis from bacteremia following the use of a tongue cleaner . [ 19 ] Individuals with previous infective endocarditis and high-risk cardiac valves may be at a higher risk from bacteremia.
47.
There has been one reported case where a woman possibly had infective endocarditis from bacteremia following the use of a tongue cleaner . [ 19 ] Individuals with previous infective endocarditis and high-risk cardiac valves may be at a higher risk from bacteremia.
48.
Rarer, but more serious, manifestations can occur, such as necrotizing fasciitis and pyomyositis ( most commonly found in the tropics ), necrotizing pneumonia, and infective endocarditis ( which affects the valves of the heart ), and bone ( osteomyelitis ) and joint infections.
49.
It also has pili, but no flagella . " C . hominis " also causes endocarditis . " C . Hominis " is part of the HACEK group of bacteria that cause infective endocarditis . " S . indologenes " is not part of the HAECK group of organisms but has very similar characteristics.
50.
Few examples include : " Propionibacterium " sp ., which are normal skin flora, have been responsible for infective endocarditis sometimes leading to deaths due to the indolent course of this abscess producing infection . " Tropheryma whipplei " has caused endocarditis without gastrointestinal involvement . " Citrobacter koseri " was found in an immunocompetent adult . " Neisseria bacilliformis " was found in a patient with a bicuspid aortic valve.
