He wrote the books " Large Scale Dynamics of Interacting Particles " ( Springer, 1991 ) and " Dynamics of Charged Particles and Their Radiation Field " ( Cambridge University Press, 2004 ).
42.
In other words, a system of strongly interacting particles ( large coupling constant ) has an equivalent description as a system of weakly interacting particles ( small coupling constant ) and vice versa.
43.
For non-interacting particles, i . e . particles which do not interact mutually and move independently, the potential of the system is the sum of the separate potential energy for each particle, that is
44.
This is a relationship which says that a collection of strongly interacting particles in one theory can, in some cases, be viewed as a collection of weakly interacting particles in a completely different theory.
45.
Multipole expansions are also useful in numerical simulations, and form the basis of the Fast Multipole Method of Rokhlin, a general technique for efficient computation of energies and forces in systems of interacting particles.
46.
This is a relationship which says that a collection of strongly interacting particles in one theory can, in some cases, be viewed as a collection of weakly interacting particles in a completely different theory.
47.
The " best " way to solvate a system is to place explicit water molecules in the simulation box with the molecules of interest and treat the water molecules as interacting particles like those in the molecule.
48.
Also a box of moving non-interacting particles ( e . g ., photons, or an ideal gas ) will have a larger invariant mass than the sum of the rest masses of the particles which compose it.
49.
Heisenberg proposed that the strongly interacting particles were in fact extended objects, and because there are difficulties of principle with extended relativistic particles, he proposed that the notion of a space-time point broke down at nuclear scales.
50.
However, all this assumes " weakly interacting particles streaming at 220 km / s ( the approximate orbital velocity of the solar system around the galactic center ( Karachentsev and Makarov 1996 ) ) through a compact body ".
