Where \ Delta G _ { \ rm em } is the Energy Input, \ gamma is the interfacial tension between the two phases, V is the total volume of the mixture, and R _ { \ rm f } is the average radius of the newly created emulsions
42.
One method of enhanced oil recovery ( the extraction of previously unobtainable petroleum from an oil deposit using non-traditional methods ) is the injection of surfactants into the field to lower interfacial tension, change the wettability, and control mobility in order to increase the amount of oil recovered from a previously water-flooded reservoir.
43.
Where \ gamma _ { mg } is the interfacial tension between the membrane and gas or bodily environment, \ gamma _ { bm } is the interfacial tension between the bioadhesive and membrane, \ gamma _ { bg } is the interfacial tension between the bioadhesive and bodily environment, and \ theta is the contact angle of the bioadhesive on the membrane.
44.
Where \ gamma _ { mg } is the interfacial tension between the membrane and gas or bodily environment, \ gamma _ { bm } is the interfacial tension between the bioadhesive and membrane, \ gamma _ { bg } is the interfacial tension between the bioadhesive and bodily environment, and \ theta is the contact angle of the bioadhesive on the membrane.
45.
Where \ gamma _ { mg } is the interfacial tension between the membrane and gas or bodily environment, \ gamma _ { bm } is the interfacial tension between the bioadhesive and membrane, \ gamma _ { bg } is the interfacial tension between the bioadhesive and bodily environment, and \ theta is the contact angle of the bioadhesive on the membrane.
46.
D is the average particle size, k includes parameters related to the reaction vessel design, D v is the reaction vessel diameter, D s is the diameter of the stirrer, R is the volume ratio of the monomer to the liquid matrix, N is the stirring speed, ? m and ? l are the viscosity of the monomer phase and liquid matrix respectively, ? is the interfacial tension of the two phases, and C s is the concentration of stabilizer.
