A . El-Sayed in the 1960s, this rule found in most photochemistry textbooks is useful in understanding phosphorescence, vibrational relaxation, intersystem crossing, internal conversion and lifetimes of excited states in molecules.
42.
The damage from the more penetrating gamma radiation and 127 keV internal conversion electron radiation from the initial decay of Te-123 is moderated by the relatively short half-life of the isotope.
43.
Over the intervening years many alterations were made, including the addition of new goods lifts, the replacement of the original boiler chimney, the removal and insertion of staircases, and internal conversions.
44.
The excited energy states resulting from these decays which fail to end in a ground energy state, also produce later internal conversion and gamma decay in almost 0.5 % of the time.
45.
In molecules this is usually a femtosecond timescale, which amounts to ultrafast ( femtosecond ) internal conversion processes, accompanied by broad spectral bands also under isolated-molecule conditions and highly complex spectral features.
46.
For this reason, the high-speed electrons resulting from internal conversion are not called beta particles, since the latter come from beta decay, where they are newly created in the nuclear decay process.
47.
An example is internal conversion, which results in an initial electron emission, and then often further characteristic X-rays and Auger electrons emissions, although the internal conversion process involves neither beta nor gamma decay.
48.
An example is internal conversion, which results in an initial electron emission, and then often further characteristic X-rays and Auger electrons emissions, although the internal conversion process involves neither beta nor gamma decay.
49.
The observation of electron tracks that were independent of the frequency of the incident photon suggested a mechanism for electron ionization that was caused from an internal conversion of energy from a radiationless transition.
50.
The dissipation of energy via internal conversion ( IC ) is so rapid that fluorescence is only observed from depopulation of the first excited singlet state to the lower-energy ground state ( S1 ?
