Illustrating examples of the usage or interpretation of data trails can be found at the example of Facebook-influenced creditworthiness ratings, the judicial investigations around German social scientist Andrej Holm, advertisement-junk mails by the American company OfficeMax or the border incident of Canadian citizen Ellen Richardson.
42.
The appropriation and organisation of this enormous material and the classification and interpretation of data has been a very difficult and complex task, especially because-contrary to what it is claimed-there remains a great deal of variation in standards of reporting in all essential chapters of a scientific work.
43.
Furthermore, just as the later-proposed minimum description length principle in algorithmic information theory ( AIT ), a . k . a . the theory of Kolmogorov complexity, it can be seen as a formalization of Occam's Razor, according to which the simplest interpretation of data is the best one.
44.
It is oftentimes needed so that the spacecraft high-gain antenna may be accurately pointed to Earth for communications, so that onboard experiments may accomplish precise pointing for accurate collection and subsequent interpretation of data, so that the heating and cooling effects of sunlight and shadow may be used intelligently for thermal control, and also for guidance : short propulsive maneuvers must be executed in the right direction.
45.
A study on identification of viruses in bats that could spread to other mammals used the workflow : sequencing of genomic samples ?! cleaning of raw reads ?! elimination of host reads and eukaryotic contaminants ?! de novo assembly of the remaining reads ?! annotation of viral contigs ?! molecular detection of specific viruses ?! phylogenetic analysis ?! interpretation of data.
