When we proceed one step further and compare ( a ) four linear elements to ( b ) one quartic element ( p = 4 ), then both discrete problems will have three DOF but the quartic approximation will be approximately 40-times more efficient.
42.
In the language of the finite element method, the matrix H _ { kj } is precisely the " stiffness matrix " of the Hamiltonian in the piecewise linear element space, and the matrix S _ { kj } is the " mass matrix ".
43.
While the efficiency of digital waveguide synthesis made physical modelling feasible on common DSP hardware and native processors, the convincing emulation of physical instruments often requires the introduction of non-linear elements, scattering junctions, etc . In these cases, digital waveguides are often combined with FDTD, finite element or wave digital filter methods, increasing the computational demands of the model.
44.
Although sources describe the annex as eight storeys, According to the City of Los Angeles Office of Economic Development, the annex used " Streamline Moderne Style, characterized by the absence of ornamentation and an emphasis on smooth wall surfaces, rounded corners, flat roofs and linear elements that give a horizontal emphasis . " The unifying exterior element between the original structure and its annex are the ground level colonnades.
45.
The paintings produced by T�pies, later in the 1970s and in the 1980s, reveal his application of this aesthetic of meditative emptiness, for example in spray-painted canvases with linear elements suggestive of Oriental calligraphy, in mixed-media paintings that extended the vocabulary of Art informel, and in his oblique allusions to imagery within a fundamentally abstract idiom, as in " Imprint of a Basket on Cloth " ( 1980 ).
