As in Dutch, long vowels were often written doubled in closed syllables, and they were often long in open syllables.
42.
Vowel length became automatically determined by syllable structure, with stressed open syllables having long vowels and other syllables having short vowels.
43.
Zamenhof recommended pronouncing the vowels " e " and " o " as close-mid in open syllables.
44.
Only three vocalic phonemes occur in unstressed final syllables : in open syllables only, and and in both open and closed syllables.
45.
In open syllables, are also when the following vowel is in an open syllable; otherwise they are, or identical ( ).
46.
In open syllables, are also when the following vowel is in an open syllable; otherwise they are, or identical ( ).
47.
The general practice was to write long vowels with a single letter in an open syllable and with two letters in a closed syllable.
48.
Long vowels in closed syllables are doubled, and consonants are doubled following short vowels in open syllables even when this is not etymological.
49.
Globally speaking, there are languages that are made up of open syllables entirely ( Polynesian languages, Japanese, pretty much Swahili ).
50.
In the standard dialect of Surakarta, is pronounced in word-final open syllables, and in any open penultimate syllable before such an.
