This spurious signal can appear completely unrelated to the surface features of the image, however, in other cases the atmospheric phase delay is caused by vertical inhomogeneity at low altitudes and this may result in fringes appearing to correspond with the topography.
42.
On the other hand, analog audio systems using analog transmission can tolerate much larger ripples in phase delay, and so designers of such systems often deliberately sacrifice linear phase to get filters that are better in other ways better stop-band rejection, lower passband amplitude ripple, lower cost, etc.
43.
For this the contributions from each point must be added as a sum of complex numbers where each complex number ( in polar form ) represents the received intensity like the scalar case but with the added fact that the distance from the source gives an angular phase delay.
44.
This filter is used to suppress a portion of one side band, thus bandwidth is reduced . ( Since both side bands contain identical information, this suppression doesn't cause a loss in information . ) Although the suppression causes phase delay problems the VSB stage also includes correction circuits to equalise the phase.
45.
In ACC this delay is reduced, but there still is a large phase delay because of the estimation algorithm needed to translate the discrete range measurements ( supplied by radar or lidar ) to a metric of change in range over time ( i . e . acceleration and deceleration of the lead vehicle ).
46.
In signal processing, "'group delay "'is the time delay of the amplitude components of a signal through a device under test, and is a function of frequency for each component . "'Phase delay "', in contrast, is the time delay of the " phase " as opposed to the time delay of the " amplitude envelope ".
47.
In the reverse direction, on the other hand, the additional delay of the wave from the director ( blue ) due to the spacing between the two elements ( about 35?of phase delay traversed twice ) causes it to be about 180?( 110?+ 2 ?35?) out of phase with the wave from the driven element ( green ).
48.
Because losing sleep to obtain bright light exposure is considered undesirable by most people, and because it is very difficult to estimate exactly when the greatest effect ( the PRC peak ) will occur in an individual, the treatment is usually applied daily just prior to bedtime ( to achieve phase delay ), or just after spontaneous awakening ( to achieve phase advance ).
