Some forecasters like Sanjeev Sanyal argue that, adjusted for gender imbalances, the effective global fertility will fall below replacement rate in the 2020s.
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First, the birth rate of new urban dwellers falls immediately to replacement rate, and keeps falling, reducing environmental stresses caused by population growth.
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That was explosively above the so-called replacement rate of 2.1 children, the level needed to keep a population from falling over time, absent immigration.
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They say that continuous access to a 401 ( k ) plan is the most significant factor affecting projected income replacement rates at retirement.
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The total fertility rate ( TFR ) was estimated at 1.53 children born / woman, which is below the replacement rate of 2, 1.
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In the 2005 National Family Health Survey, it was reported that the city's total fertility rate is 1.8, which is below the replacement rate.
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But then something astonishing happened : The American fertility rate reversed its decline, and even rose quite sharply, back almost to the replacement rate.
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The total fertility rate ( TFR ) was estimated in 2013 at 1.43 children born / woman, which is below the replacement rate of 2.1.
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The biggest change would be a gradual reduction in the " replacement rate, " the percentage of wages paid as benefits to the newly retired.
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Meanwhile, fertility rates have fallen so sharply that many industrialized countries are now running below the " replacement rate " necessary to replenish today's population.
