Reassembly is proposed to be aided by a complex termed RAVE ( regulator of-ATPase of vacuolar and endosomal membranes ) ( Kane and Smardon, 2003 ).
42.
Pathogens have co-evolved unique mechanisms to interfere with different steps leading up to the association of the full complement of IRGs needed to constitute a vacuolar destructive complex.
43.
In plants, vacuoles contain two enzymes for acidifying the interior of the vacuole, the V-ATPase and the V-PPase ( V is for vacuolar ).
44.
The Goldstein model predicts enhanced transport ( over transport characterized by strictly longitudinal cytoplasmic flow ) into the vacuolar cavity due to the complicated flow trajectories arising from the cytoplasmic streaming.
45.
For example, the proton gradient across the yeast vacuolar membrane generated by V-ATPases drives calcium uptake into the vacuole through an antiporter system ( Ohya, 1991 ).
46.
Also called the "'vacuolar membrane "', the tonoplast is the cytoplasmic membrane surrounding a vacuole, separating the vacuolar contents from the cell's cytoplasm.
47.
Also called the "'vacuolar membrane "', the tonoplast is the cytoplasmic membrane surrounding a vacuole, separating the vacuolar contents from the cell's cytoplasm.
48.
The encoded protein is one of the three subunits of the ESCRT-I complex ( endosomal complexes required for transport ) involved in the sorting of vacuolar protein sorting 37 ( VPS37 ).
49.
There are three classes of ATPases-F, P, and V . The vacuolar ( V-type ) ATPases have a transmembrane proton-conducting sector and an extramembrane catalytic sector.
50.
Further, the effect of this cytoplasmic / vacuolar flow from one indifferent zone to the other demonstrates that cytoplasmic particles do cross the indifferent zones even if the chloroplasts at the surface do not.
