| 1. | They have a rich blood supply to keep a concentration gradient.
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| 2. | These proteins use ATP hydrolysis to pump materials against their concentration gradients.
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| 3. | Green arrows indicate net movement of K + down a concentration gradient.
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| 4. | A concentration gradient is established between the root and the soil water.
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| 5. | This causes a large concentration gradient of calcium across the cnidocyte plasma membrane.
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| 6. | Water passively follows the sodium out of the cell along its concentration gradient.
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| 7. | The penetration rate is determined by the concentration gradient.
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| 8. | According to the theory, sometimes water is absorbed against a concentration gradient.
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| 9. | Continuous blood flow in the capillaries and constant breathing maintain a steep concentration gradient.
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| 10. | They stay on the path through the use of a concentration gradient of pheromones.
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