| 1. | The Helmholtz energy is commonly used for systems held at constant volume.
|
| 2. | The heat capacity at constant volume is assumed to be independent of temperature.
|
| 3. | For a closed system with constant volume, such an expression can look like
|
| 4. | The suffixes and refer to constant pressure and constant volume conditions, respectively.
|
| 5. | Reaction heat is measured under conditions either of constant pressure or constant volume.
|
| 6. | The Bellows theorem says that a flexible polyhedron has constant volume when flexed.
|
| 7. | Equation 1 can now be related to the specific heat equation for constant volume.
|
| 8. | V the molar heat capacity at constant volume.
|
| 9. | The Otto cycle by comparison has both the heat addition and rejection at constant volume.
|
| 10. | An open system is also known as a constant volume system or a flow system.
|
