| 1. | A pop pop boat is powered by a very simple heat engine.
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| 2. | Heat engines are only 20 % efficient at converting oil into work.
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| 3. | For a real heat engine, the total thermodynamic process is generally irreversible.
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| 4. | In the limit of maximum efficiency, the heat engine will be reversible.
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| 5. | However, a microscopic Carnot heat engine has been designed and run.
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| 6. | So Equation 3 gives the efficiency of any reversible heat engine.
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| 7. | Chemical rockets operate as heat engines, and Carnot's theorem limits the exhaust velocity.
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| 8. | The efficiency of heat engines increases with the temperature of the heat source.
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| 9. | Specifically, those lacking the heat engine I described tend to also lack rotation.
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| 10. | A heat engine may also serve as a " fluid into mechanical energy.
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