| 1. | This creates radio " hot spots " called masers.
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| 2. | Penzias worked under Charles Townes, who later invented the maser.
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| 3. | In the active hydrogen maser, the cavity oscillates by itself.
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| 4. | It was these heated water molecules that acted as a natural maser.
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| 5. | Maser is an acronym for microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.
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| 6. | More recent masers are practically identical to their original design.
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| 7. | This is the case with water masers, that occur in nature.
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| 8. | Rods of synthetic ruby are used to make ruby lasers and masers.
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| 9. | In some cases conditions are suitable for the formation of natural masers.
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| 10. | It was later extended to explain behavior of the single photon maser.
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