| 1. | This gives the identity of the unknown voltage since the reference voltage is known.
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| 2. | The decibel volt reference voltage is } }.
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| 3. | The output current is that resulting from dropping the reference voltage across the resistor.
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| 4. | Feedback voltage regulators operate by comparing the actual output voltage to some fixed reference voltage.
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| 5. | The zener acts as a voltage regulator stabilising the reference voltage against supply and load variations.
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| 6. | Most comparator manufacturers also offer comparators in which a reference voltage is integrated on to the chip.
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| 7. | The earliest implementations consisted of a reference ladder of well matched resistors connected to a reference voltage.
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| 8. | Many hand-held and bench oscilloscopes have the ground reference voltage common to all input channels.
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| 9. | For AC circuits, the principle is extended with a polarizing winding connected to a reference voltage source.
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| 10. | First, all sensors used a ratiometric measuring method that insured accuracy in spite of varying reference voltage.
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