| 1. | Normally, no blood regurgitates, so the regurgitant fraction is zero.
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| 2. | In patients with severe valvular lesions, regurgitant fraction can approach 80 %.
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| 3. | Cases with a late systolic regurgitant murmur may still be associated with significant hemodynamic consequences.
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| 4. | The regurgitant volume causes a volume overload and a pressure overload of the left atrium and the left ventricle.
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| 5. | The percentage of blood that regurgitates back through the aortic valve due to AI is known as the regurgitant fraction.
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| 6. | This is known as the regurgitant orifice area, and correlates with the size of the defect in the mitral valve.
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| 7. | Because of the unicuspid form of the valve the repair concept will be similar to that of the regurgitant unicuspid valve.
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| 8. | In ventricular systole under MR, regurgitant blood flows backwards / retrograde back and forth through a diseased and leaking mitral valve.
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| 9. | This regurgitant flow causes a decrease in the diastolic blood pressure in the aorta, and therefore an increase in the pulse pressure.
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| 10. | Another way to quantify the degree of MI is to determine the area of the regurgitant flow at the level of the valve.
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