The invertebrate hosts belong to the flies of the genus " Simulium ".
2.
The black fly population that breeds in the river is composed primarily of Simulium vittatum.
3.
Robles hypothesized that the vector of the disease was the day-biting black fly, " Simulium ".
4.
Work conducted at Portsmouth University in 1986 1987 indicates " Simulium " spp . create highly acidic conditions within their midguts.
5.
During the 18th century, the " Golubatz fly " ( " Simulium colombaschense " ) was a notorious pest in central Europe.
6.
The species of this genus use blackflies ( " Simulium " species ) as their definitive host and birds as their intermediate host.
7.
They must also protect themselves from other, smaller insects which are no less troublesome : black flies ( " Simulium " ).
8.
Among them is the stonefly, the mayfly, the caddisfly, the " simulium ", the subfamily of tanypodinae, and the Hydracarina.
9.
Caddisfly larvae and fly larvae ( primarily " Simulium " and " Chironomus " ) made up just over half the total food consumed.
10.
Sporozoites are found in the salivary glands of an infected " Simulium " fly and are transmitted to the bird when the fly bites the bird to feed on its blood.
